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Chigi (architecture)
, or are forked roof finials found in Japanese and Shinto Architecture. ''Chigi'' predate Buddhist influence and are an architectural element endemic to Japan.〔Fletcher (1996), page 724〕 They are an important aesthetic aspect of Shinto shrines, where they are often paired with ''katsuogi'', another type of roof ornamentation. Today, ''chigi'' and ''katsuogi'' are used exclusively on Shinto buildings and distinguish them from other religious structures, such as Buddhist temples in Japan.
== Origin ==
''Chigi'' is thought to have been employed on Japanese buildings starting from the 1st century AD.〔"(chigi 千木 )." JAANUS. Retrieved on May 09, 2009.〕 Their existence during the Jōmon period (250–538) is well documented by numerous artifacts. Measurements for ''chigi'' were mentioned in an early document, the ''Taishinpō Enryaku Gishikichō'' (太神宝延暦儀式帳), written in 804 AD.
The evolutionary origins of the ''chigi'' are not known. One theory is that they were simply interlocking bargeboard planks that were left uncut. Another is that they were part of a support system anchored on the ground to stabilize the roof.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://aggv.bc.ca/Catalogues+Pages.aspx?catalogue=16&page=487 ) 〕 Yet another theory proposes that they were used to "pinch" and hold thatch roofing together.〔Lucas (2002), page 5〕 Evidence of this can be seen in ''minka'', or common traditional homes, where two interlocking timbers are often found at the roof gables. However, the only certain fact is that ''chigi'' were originally a working part of the structure, but as building techniques improved, their function was lost and they were left as decorations.
''Chigi'' were likely only to have decorated the homes and warehouses of powerful families, and more decorations signified higher rank. This traditional continued until relatively recent times. In the 17th to 19th centuries, the legal code dictated how many ''chigi'' were allowed on a building roofs in accordance with the owner's social rank. Today, ''chigi'' are found only on Shinto shrines.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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